# 下载最新稳定版（以 1.36.1 为例）
$ wget https://busybox.net/downloads/busybox-1.36.1.tar.bz2

# 解压
$ tar xjf busybox-1.36.1.tar.bz2
$ cd busybox-1.36.1

# 查看目录结构
$ ls
applets/   configs/   docs/     libbb/    scripts/  TODO
archival/  console/   editors/  libpwdgrp/  loginutils/  shell/    util-linux/
AUTHORS    coreutils/ examples/ Makefile     miscutils/   sysklogd
CHANGES    debianutils/ include/  Makefile.flags  networking/  testsuite/

# 克隆仓库
$ git clone https://git.busybox.net/busybox
$ cd busybox

# 查看标签
$ git tag | grep "^[0-9]" | tail -10
1_35_0
1_36_0
1_36_1

# 切换到稳定版
$ git checkout 1_36_1

# 安装编译依赖（Ubuntu/Debian）
$ sudo apt install -y build-essential gcc make

# 清理（首次编译不需要）
$ make clean

# 使用默认配置
$ make defconfig

# 编译（使用所有 CPU 核心）
$ make -j$(nproc)

# 编译结果
$ ls -lh busybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 user user 2.1M Jan 1 00:00 busybox

# 验证
$ ./busybox --help
BusyBox v1.36.1 (...) multi-call binary.

# make 常用目标
$ make help              # 查看所有 make 目标
$ make defconfig         # 默认配置
$ make allnoconfig       # 全部禁用（最精简）
$ make allyesconfig      # 全部启用
$ make randconfig        # 随机配置（测试用）
$ make oldconfig         # 基于旧 .config 更新
$ make menuconfig        # 交互式配置界面
$ make silentoldconfig   # 静默更新配置

# 环境变量
$ make CC=gcc            # 指定编译器
$ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf-  # 交叉编译前缀
$ make EXTRA_CFLAGS="-O2 -g"  # 额外编译标志

# 安装到指定目录
$ make CONFIG_PREFIX=./_install install

# 查看安装结果
$ ls -la _install/
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 4 user user 4096 Jan  1 00:00 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 user user 4096 Jan  1 00:00 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Jan  1 00:00 bin
lrwxrwxrwx 1 user user   11 Jan  1 00:00 linuxrc -> bin/busybox
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Jan  1 00:00 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 4 user user 4096 Jan  1 00:00 usr

$ ls _install/bin/ | head -10
addgroup    cat        dnsdomainname  fgrep      kill     mount    sh
adduser     chattr     echo           find       link     mountpoint  sleep
ash         chgrp      ed             fsync      linuxrc  mv       stty
busybox     chmod      egrep          grep       ln       netstat  ...

# 启用静态编译
$ make menuconfig
# 进入 Settings → Build Options → [*] Build BusyBox as a static binary (no shared libs)

# 或直接修改 .config
$ sed -i 's/# CONFIG_STATIC is not set/CONFIG_STATIC=y/' .config

# 编译
$ make -j$(nproc)

# 验证静态链接
$ file busybox
busybox: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, ...

$ ldd busybox
    not a dynamic executable

# 安装 musl 工具链
$ sudo apt install -y musl-tools

# 使用 musl 编译器
$ make clean
$ make CC=musl-gcc CONFIG_PREFIX=./_install_static -j$(nproc)

# 或在 menuconfig 中设置
# Settings → Build Options → (musl-gcc) Path to musl-gcc

# 验证
$ ls -lh busybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 user user 960K Jan  1 00:00 busybox    # 通常比 glibc 版本小 30-50%

$ file busybox
busybox: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, statically linked, with debug_info, stripped

# 编译优化选项
$ make menuconfig

# 编译并 strip
$ make -j$(nproc)
$ strip busybox
$ ls -lh busybox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 user user 847K Jan  1 00:00 busybox

# 安装 ARM 交叉编译工具链
$ sudo apt install -y gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf

# 验证工具链
$ arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc --version
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc (Ubuntu ...) 11.4.0

# 清理并配置
$ make clean
$ make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- defconfig

# 启用静态编译
$ sed -i 's/# CONFIG_STATIC is not set/CONFIG_STATIC=y/' .config

# 编译
$ make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- -j$(nproc)

# 验证
$ file busybox
busybox: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI5 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, ...

# 使用 QEMU 测试
$ sudo apt install -y qemu-user-static
$ qemu-arm-static ./busybox --help

# 安装工具链
$ sudo apt install -y gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu

# 编译
$ make clean
$ make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- defconfig
$ sed -i 's/# CONFIG_STATIC is not set/CONFIG_STATIC=y/' .config
$ make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- -j$(nproc)

# 验证
$ file busybox
busybox: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, ARM aarch64, ...

# QEMU 测试
$ qemu-aarch64-static ./busybox --help

# 安装工具链
$ sudo apt install -y gcc-mips-linux-gnu

# 编译（大端）
$ make clean
$ make ARCH=mips CROSS_COMPILE=mips-linux-gnu- defconfig
$ sed -i 's/# CONFIG_STATIC is not set/CONFIG_STATIC=y/' .config
$ make ARCH=mips CROSS_COMPILE=mips-linux-gnu- -j$(nproc)

# 小端 MIPS
$ make ARCH=mipsel CROSS_COMPILE=mipsel-linux-gnu- defconfig
$ make ARCH=mipsel CROSS_COMPILE=mipsel-linux-gnu- -j$(nproc)

# 安装工具链
$ sudo apt install -y gcc-riscv64-linux-gnu

# 编译
$ make clean
$ make ARCH=riscv CROSS_COMPILE=riscv64-linux-gnu- defconfig
$ sed -i 's/# CONFIG_STATIC is not set/CONFIG_STATIC=y/' .config
$ make ARCH=riscv CROSS_COMPILE=riscv64-linux-gnu- -j$(nproc)

# QEMU 测试
$ qemu-riscv64-static ./busybox --help

$ make menuconfig

# 查看可用配置
$ ls configs/
2net_defconfig        minimal_defconfig      ...
android_defconfig     musl_defconfig
...

# 使用特定配置
$ cp configs/minimal_defconfig .config
$ make oldconfig    # 应用并更新
$ make -j$(nproc)

# 错误：缺少头文件
fatal error: ncurses.h: No such file or directory
# 解决：
$ sudo apt install -y libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev

# 错误：缺少库
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lc
# 解决（静态编译时）：
$ sudo apt install -y libc6-dev

# 错误：交叉编译找不到工具链
/bin/sh: 1: arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc: not found
# 解决：
$ sudo apt install -y gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf

# 显示详细编译命令
$ make V=1

# 查看依赖关系
$ make V=2

# 只编译特定目标
$ make applets/busybox.o

# 查看编译标志
$ make show-targets

# 清理编译产物（保留 .config）
$ make clean

# 完全清理（包括 .config）
$ make distclean

# 清理安装目录
$ rm -rf _install

#!/bin/bash
# build_busybox.sh - BusyBox 自动化编译脚本

set -e

BUSYBOX_VERSION="1.36.1"
INSTALL_DIR="$(pwd)/_install"
ARCH="${1:-x86_64}"

# 配置架构和工具链
case "$ARCH" in
    x86_64)
        CROSS_COMPILE=""
        KARCH=""
        ;;
    arm)
        CROSS_COMPILE="arm-linux-gnueabihf-"
        KARCH="arm"
        ;;
    aarch64)
        CROSS_COMPILE="aarch64-linux-gnu-"
        KARCH="arm64"
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Unsupported architecture: $ARCH"
        exit 1
        ;;
esac

# 下载源码
if [ ! -d "busybox-${BUSYBOX_VERSION}" ]; then
    wget "https://busybox.net/downloads/busybox-${BUSYBOX_VERSION}.tar.bz2"
    tar xjf "busybox-${BUSYBOX_VERSION}.tar.bz2"
fi

cd "busybox-${BUSYBOX_VERSION}"

# 配置
make clean || true
make ARCH=$KARCH CROSS_COMPILE=$CROSS_COMPILE defconfig

# 启用静态编译
sed -i 's/# CONFIG_STATIC is not set/CONFIG_STATIC=y/' .config
sed -i 's/CONFIG_TC=y/# CONFIG_TC is not set/' .config

# 编译
make ARCH=$KARCH CROSS_COMPILE=$CROSS_COMPILE -j$(nproc)

# 安装
rm -rf "$INSTALL_DIR"
make ARCH=$KARCH CROSS_COMPILE=$CROSS_COMPILE \
    CONFIG_PREFIX="$INSTALL_DIR" install

# 统计
echo "Build complete!"
echo "Binary size: $(ls -lh busybox | awk '{print $5}')"
echo "Install dir: $INSTALL_DIR"
echo "Installed symlinks: $(find $INSTALL_DIR -type l | wc -l)"